Methodology
Every number this site uses is on this page, with where it came from and when it was last checked. If a calculator gives you a figure you do not believe, this is where you find out what it assumed.
How the calculators work
Each calculator parses your dimensions into a single internal unit, runs a pure function over them, applies a waste allowance, then prices the resulting bill of materials against a static table. Nothing is fetched at the time you use it — the pages are generated in advance and the arithmetic happens in your browser.
Formula files contain no bare numbers. Every constant a calculation uses is a named entry in the assumptions table below, which is what makes it possible to print them underneath your result rather than burying them in code.
Costs are always a range, never a single figure. The width of that range comes from the least confident input in the calculation: ±8% when everything is a published price, ±15% for industry-standard figures, and ±25% when something like a short-load fee or a labor rate is genuinely a guess. A low-confidence input also names itself in the result card, so you can see which part of the estimate is soft.
Labor is off by default. Someone looking up a footing calculator is usually doing the work themselves, and a contractor-installed figure would be several times the number they came for. The toggle on each calculator adds it.
Prices
Basis: US national average, big-box retail shelf price and regional ready-mix quotes. Last verified 09/01/2026, next review 03/01/2027. Material prices move. Labor moves faster. Every figure here is a starting point that the regional multiplier adjusts and the confidence band widens.
| Item | Price | Unit | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| concrete bag 40lb | $4 | bag | high |
| concrete bag 60lb | $6 | bag | high |
| concrete bag 80lb | $7 | bag | high |
| concrete readymix yd | $165 | yd³ | medium |
| concrete shortload fee | $140 | load | low |
| concrete delivery | $95 | load | low |
| concrete placement labor yd | — + $75 labor | yd³ | low |
| sonotube 8in | $15 | 4 ft tube | medium |
| sonotube 10in | $19 | 4 ft tube | medium |
| sonotube 12in | $26 | 4 ft tube | medium |
| sonotube 16in | $44 | 4 ft tube | medium |
| footing labor each | — + $85 labor | footing | low |
| gravel ton | $38 | ton | medium |
| gravel bag 50lb | $6 | bag | high |
| sand ton | $42 | ton | medium |
| rebar 3 20ft | $10 | 20 ft bar | medium |
| rebar 4 20ft | $17 | 20 ft bar | medium |
| lumber 2x4 8ft pt | $7 | board | high |
| lumber 2x6 8ft pt | $11 | board | high |
| lumber 2x8 12ft pt | $25 | board | high |
| lumber 2x10 12ft pt | $33 | board | high |
| post 4x4 8ft pt | $13 | post | high |
| post 6x6 8ft pt | $32 | post | high |
| deck board composite 16ft | $58 | board | medium |
| deck board pt 16ft | $22 | board | high |
| paver concrete sqft | $4 | ft² | medium |
| retaining block each | $4 | block | medium |
| fence panel 6x8 pt | $68 | panel | medium |
| drain pipe perf 10ft | $13 | 10 ft length | medium |
| drain fabric sqft | $0 | ft² | medium |
| concrete mesh sheet | $10 | 5x10 sheet | medium |
| vapor barrier roll | $78 | 1000 ft² roll | medium |
| slab labor sqft | — + $4 labor | ft² | low |
| concrete finish labor sqft | — + $3 labor | ft² | low |
| concrete form lf | $2 | lf | medium |
| stair form labor each | — + $95 labor | step | low |
| expansion joint lf | $1 | lf | medium |
| rebar 5 20ft | $24 | 20 ft bar | medium |
| rebar tie wire roll | $13 | roll | high |
| rebar chair each | $1 | chair | medium |
| gravel 57 ton | $41 | ton | medium |
| gravel base ton | $34 | ton | medium |
| paver sand ton | $46 | ton | medium |
| polymeric sand bag | $28 | 50 lb bag | medium |
| topsoil yd | $38 | yd³ | medium |
| lumber 2x4 92 stud | $4 | stud | high |
| lumber 2x6 92 stud | $8 | stud | high |
| lumber 2x4 16ft | $14 | board | high |
| lumber 2x6 16ft | $21 | board | high |
| lumber 2x8 16ft | $33 | board | high |
| lumber 2x10 16ft | $44 | board | high |
| lumber 2x12 16ft | $58 | board | high |
| lvl beam lf | $15 | lf | medium |
| i joist lf | $5 | lf | medium |
| floor truss lf | $7 | lf | medium |
| roof truss each | $165 | truss | medium |
| truss crane day | — + $1,250 labor | day | low |
| framing labor sqft | — + $10 labor | ft² | low |
| plywood sheet half | $38 | 4x8 sheet | high |
| osb sheet 716 | $25 | 4x8 sheet | high |
| joist hanger each | $1 | hanger | high |
| framing nails box | $52 | box | medium |
| deck board pt 12ft | $16 | board | high |
| deck board cedar 16ft | $41 | board | medium |
| deck screws box | $46 | box (350) | medium |
| deck hidden fastener box | $89 | box (175) | medium |
| deck railing kit 6ft | $122 | 6 ft section | medium |
| deck labor sqft | — + $18 labor | ft² | low |
| joist tape roll | $24 | roll | medium |
| paver base panel | — | ft² | medium |
| paver edging lf | $2 | lf | medium |
| retaining cap block each | $6 | block | medium |
| retaining adhesive tube | $10 | tube | high |
| geogrid sqyd | $3 | yd² | medium |
| drainage stone ton | $43 | ton | medium |
| masonry labor sqft | — + $14 labor | ft² | low |
| paver labor sqft | — + $11 labor | ft² | low |
| stone veneer flat box | $112 | 10 ft² box | medium |
| stone veneer corner box | $148 | 6 lf box | medium |
| veneer mortar bag | $15 | bag | high |
| veneer lath sheet | $12 | sheet | medium |
| fence picket 6ft | $4 | picket | high |
| fence rail 8ft | $10 | rail | high |
| fence panel vinyl 6x8 | $148 | panel | medium |
| fence panel chainlink lf | $12 | lf | medium |
| fastset bag 50lb | $7 | bag | high |
| fence labor lf | — + $16 labor | lf | low |
| fence gate kit | $58 | kit | medium |
| drywall sheet 4x8 | $16 | sheet | high |
| drywall sheet 4x12 | $24 | sheet | high |
| joint compound bucket | $20 | 4.5 gal bucket | high |
| drywall tape roll | $8 | 500 ft roll | high |
| drywall screws box | $28 | box | high |
| drywall labor sqft | — + $2 labor | ft² | low |
| tile ceramic sqft | $3 | ft² | medium |
| tile porcelain sqft | $5 | ft² | medium |
| thinset bag 50lb | $21 | bag | high |
| grout bag 25lb | $28 | bag | high |
| waterproof membrane roll | $139 | 54 ft² roll | medium |
| shower pan kit | $285 | kit | medium |
| tile labor sqft | — + $13 labor | ft² | low |
| lvp box | $72 | 24 ft² box | medium |
| lvp underlayment roll | $46 | 100 ft² roll | medium |
| lvp transition each | $24 | piece | medium |
| flooring labor sqft | — + $4 labor | ft² | low |
| cabinet base lf | $285 | lf | medium |
| cabinet wall lf | $215 | lf | medium |
| cabinet install lf | — + $95 labor | lf | low |
| countertop laminate sqft | $32 | ft² | medium |
| countertop quartz sqft | $78 | ft² | medium |
| countertop granite sqft | $65 | ft² | medium |
| countertop fab lf | — + $28 labor | lf | low |
| dumpster 10yd | $395 | rental | medium |
| dumpster 20yd | $495 | rental | medium |
| dumpster 30yd | $615 | rental | medium |
| dumpster 40yd | $735 | rental | medium |
| dumpster overage ton | $85 | ton over limit | low |
| haul truckload | $340 | load | low |
| delivery flat | $95 | delivery | medium |
| romex 12 2 250ft | $198 | 250 ft roll | medium |
| romex 14 2 250ft | $132 | 250 ft roll | medium |
| romex 12 3 250ft | $285 | 250 ft roll | medium |
| electrical box each | $1 | box | high |
| wire staples box | $11 | box | high |
| septic tank 1000gal | $1,450 | tank | medium |
| septic tank 1250gal | $1,750 | tank | medium |
| septic tank 1500gal | $2,050 | tank | medium |
| drainfield sqft | — + $10 labor | ft² | low |
| septic install flat | — + $3,200 labor | system | low |
| drain pipe solid 10ft | $10 | 10 ft length | medium |
| drain catch basin | $38 | basin | medium |
| drain labor lf | — + $22 labor | lf | low |
| house wrap roll | $185 | 9x100 ft roll | medium |
| baseboard lf | $2 | lf | high |
| quarter round lf | $1 | lf | high |
| laminate flooring sqft | $2 | ft² | medium |
| engineered wood sqft | $6 | ft² | medium |
| hardwood flooring sqft | $8 | ft² | medium |
Assumptions
Bag yields, densities, spacings and code limits. Each carries a source and a review date, and low-confidence entries widen the cost range wherever they are used.
Concrete
- 40 lb bag yield
- 0.3 ft³
- 60 lb bag yield
- 0.45 ft³
- 80 lb bag yield
- 0.6 ft³
- Concrete waste allowance
- 0.1
- Ready-mix short-load threshold
- 1 yd³
- Cured concrete density
- 150 lb/ft³
- Bags per pallet
- 42 bags
Yield of one 40 lb bag of standard concrete mix.
Quikrete product data sheet — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Yield of one 60 lb bag of standard concrete mix.
Quikrete product data sheet — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Yield of one 80 lb bag of standard concrete mix.
Quikrete product data sheet — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Covers spillage, over-excavated holes and forms that bulge. Footings dug by hand run higher than forms.
Standard industry overage — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Below roughly one cubic yard, most suppliers add a short-load fee that erases the price advantage over bags.
Regional ready-mix supplier schedules — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Normal-weight concrete. Used for weight and haul-off estimates.
ACI 213R, normal-weight concrete — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Above roughly one pallet of 80 lb bags, ready-mix is usually cheaper and always faster.
Home Depot / Lowe's pallet quantities — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Footing
- Bearing depth below frost line
- 12 in
- Sonotube bell allowance
- 1
- Gravel base under footing
- 4 in
Footings bear below the local frost line. Depth varies by jurisdiction; check your building department.
International Residential Code (2021) — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Plain tube with no flared base. A bell footing adds volume that this figure does not include.
Geometry — straight cylinder — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Compacted drainage base. Some jurisdictions require it, some do not.
International Residential Code (2021) — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Framing
- Stud spacing, 16 in on center
- 16 in o.c.
- Stud spacing, 24 in on center
- 24 in o.c.
- Lumber waste allowance
- 0.1
- Maximum stair riser
- 7.75 in
- Minimum stair tread depth
- 10 in
- Span table lookup factor
- 1
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Cut-offs, crooked stock and the boards you set aside.
Standard industry overage — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Spans come from published tables, not from a formula. Always verify against your local code.
American Wood Council, NDS span tables — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Aggregate
- Crushed gravel density
- 105 lb/ft³
- Bedding sand density
- 100 lb/ft³
- Compaction allowance
- 0.2
Compacted 3/4 in crushed stone. Varies by quarry and moisture; loose stone runs lighter.
USGS aggregate bulk density range — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
USGS aggregate bulk density range — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Loose stone loses roughly a fifth of its volume once compacted, so order above the finished volume.
Standard earthwork practice — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Rebar
- #3 rebar weight per foot
- 0.376 lb/ft
- Lap splice length
- 40 × bar diameter
- Concrete cover, earth-cast
- 3 in
ASTM A615 nominal weights — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
A common rule of thumb. Engineered work uses the value on the drawings, not this one.
ACI 318 development length, typical case — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
ACI 318 cover requirements — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Slab
- Patio and sidewalk slab thickness
- 4 in
- Driveway slab thickness
- 5 in
- Garage slab thickness
- 4 in
- Compacted gravel base under slab
- 4 in
- Welded wire mesh sheet coverage
- 150 ft²
- Vapor barrier roll coverage
- 1000 ft²
- Thickened edge extra depth
- 8 in
Foot traffic only. Anything a vehicle drives on wants more.
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Passenger vehicles. Go to 6 in for trucks or RVs — the extra inch is cheap next to cracking.
ACI 330R, residential pavement — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Drains water away from the underside of the slab. Skipping it is the usual cause of a slab that heaves.
International Residential Code (2021) — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
One 5x10 ft sheet, less the overlap at the seams.
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
The perimeter of a monolithic slab drops below the field to carry wall loads.
International Residential Code (2021) — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Deck
- Deck board coverage width
- 5.5 in
- Gap between deck boards
- 0.1875 in
- Deck joist spacing
- 16 in o.c.
- Deck beam post spacing
- 8 ft
- Maximum baluster gap
- 4 in
- Deck screws per square foot
- 3.5 screws/ft²
A nominal 5/4x6 or 2x6 board covers 5.5 in. Gaps come out of the waste allowance.
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Drainage and expansion. Composite wants a wider gap than wood — check the maker.
Trex and TimberTech installation guides — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Composite decking laid diagonally usually requires 12 in instead.
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
IRC deck provisions (DCA 6) — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
A 4 in sphere must not pass through. This is the number an inspector brings a ball for.
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Fastener manufacturer coverage tables — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Masonry
- Retaining wall block face area
- 96 in²
- Compacted base under retaining wall
- 6 in
- Drainage stone behind wall
- 12 in
- Wall height buried below grade
- 0.1
- Compacted base under pavers
- 6 in
- Bedding sand depth
- 1 in
- Stone veneer flat box coverage
- 10 ft²
- Stone veneer corner box coverage
- 6 lf
A common 12x8 in face. Check your block — face size varies a lot by product line.
Allan Block and Pavestone product data — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Segmental wall installation guides — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Water behind a wall is what pushes it over. This is not the place to economize.
NCMA segmental retaining wall guidance — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Roughly one course in ten, minimum one full course, sits below finished grade.
NCMA segmental retaining wall guidance — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Four inches is enough for a patio; a driveway wants eight or more.
ICPI paver installation guidance — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
One inch, screeded. Thicker bedding sand is the usual cause of a patio that ruts.
ICPI paver installation guidance — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Corners are sold separately and cost roughly double per foot. Measure them first.
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Interior
- Drywall sheet coverage (4x8)
- 32 ft²
- Joint compound per sheet
- 3.5 lb
- Joint tape per sheet
- 20 ft
- Tile waste allowance
- 0.15
- Thinset coverage per 50 lb bag
- 85 ft²
- Grout coverage per 25 lb bag
- 90 ft²
- Waterproofing membrane roll coverage
- 54 ft²
- Luxury vinyl plank box coverage
- 24 ft²
- Plank flooring waste allowance
- 0.1
- Wall cabinet height
- 30 in
- Countertop depth
- 25.5 in
4x12 sheets cover 48 ft² and leave fewer seams to tape, but they are hard to handle alone.
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
USG estimating guide — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
USG estimating guide — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Fifteen percent covers cuts and breakage. Diagonal or herringbone layouts want twenty.
Tile Council of North America handbook — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
With a 1/4 in notched trowel. Large-format tile needs a bigger notch and covers less.
Custom Building Products data sheet — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Depends heavily on tile size and joint width — small tile with wide joints uses far more.
Mapei coverage chart — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Schluter Kerdi product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Standard industry overage — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Standard base cabinet depth plus the overhang. An island is deeper.
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Fence
- Fence post spacing
- 96 in
- Post depth as a fraction of height
- 0.33
- 50 lb fast-set bags per post
- 2 bags
- Fence picket width
- 5.5 in
- Rails per fence section
- 3 rails
Eight feet on center, matching a stock panel. Six feet holds up better in wind.
Fence panel stock sizes — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
A third of the post in the ground, and always below the frost line.
Standard fencing practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
For a 4x4 in a 10 in hole about 2 ft deep. Bigger posts and deeper holes take more.
Quikrete product data sheet — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Three rails for a 6 ft privacy fence; two is enough at 4 ft.
Standard fencing practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Roof
- Roof truss spacing
- 24 in o.c.
- Eave overhang
- 12 in
- Pitch run base
- 12 in
International Residential Code (2021) — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Typical residential detail — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Roof pitch is always written as rise over a 12 in run.
Standard roofing convention — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Jobsite
- Dumpster capacity unit
- 1 yd³
- Usable dumpster fill
- 0.8
- Tandem dump truck capacity
- 14 yd³
- Legal payload per tandem truck
- 30000 lb
- In-place soil density
- 100 lb/ft³
- Soil swell when excavated
- 0.25
- Mixed construction debris density
- 40 lb/ft³
Dumpsters are sized in cubic yards: 10, 20, 30 and 40 are the common sizes.
Roll-off rental company size charts — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Debris does not stack neatly and cannot be loaded above the rails.
Roll-off rental company guidance — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Most trucks hit their weight limit before their volume limit on wet soil.
Regional hauler equipment specs — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Typical state highway weight limits — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Wet clay runs heavier, dry sand lighter. This drives the truck count more than volume does.
USDA soil bulk density ranges — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Dirt takes up about a quarter more space once it is dug up than it did in the ground.
Standard earthwork practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Mixed light debris. Concrete, plaster and roofing are several times heavier.
EPA construction and demolition debris factors — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Mep
- Wire waste allowance
- 0.15
- Wire tail left in each box
- 8 in
- Design flow per bedroom
- 150 gal/day
- Minimum tank size
- 1000 gal
- Drain field area per gallon of design flow
- 1.2 ft²/gal
Covers the tail left in each box and the runs you measure wrong.
Standard electrical practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
NEC 300.14 minimum free conductor — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
The number health departments size tanks by. Yours may differ — check locally.
EPA onsite wastewater design manual — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Almost every jurisdiction sets 1,000 gallons as the floor regardless of house size.
State health department standards — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Depends entirely on your soil percolation rate. Sand needs far less area than clay.
EPA onsite wastewater design manual — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Drainage
- French drain trench width
- 12 in
- French drain trench depth
- 18 in
- Perforated pipe length
- 10 ft
- Filter fabric width factor
- 1.6
Standard drainage practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Standard drainage practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Home Depot / Lowe's published product data — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
The fabric wraps the trench and folds over itself at the top, so it is wider than the trench.
Standard drainage practice — Industry standard, varies by supplier, checked 09/01/2026
Spans
- Floor joist span table
- 360 L/360 deflection limit
Maximum clear span at 40 psf live load and 10 psf dead load — the normal residential floor. Your local code or an engineer has the final say.
American Wood Council, NDS span tables — Published product or code data, checked 09/01/2026
Labor
- Contractor overhead and profit
- 0.35
Typical residential markup on material and labor. Small jobs carry more, big ones less.
RSMeans residential cost data, typical range — Rough figure — widens the estimate range, checked 09/01/2026
Regional adjustment
Blended from RSMeans city cost index bands and BLS construction wage differentials. Checked 09/01/2026. The multiplier moves material and labor together, which is a simplification — labor varies far more between metros than bagged concrete does.
| State | Multiplier |
|---|---|
| US national average | 1.00 |
| Alabama | 0.89 |
| Alaska | 1.28 |
| Arizona | 0.96 |
| Arkansas | 0.87 |
| California | 1.24 |
| Colorado | 1.03 |
| Connecticut | 1.15 |
| Delaware | 1.02 |
| Florida | 0.95 |
| Georgia | 0.91 |
| Hawaii | 1.42 |
| Idaho | 0.94 |
| Illinois | 1.09 |
| Indiana | 0.95 |
| Iowa | 0.93 |
| Kansas | 0.90 |
| Kentucky | 0.92 |
| Louisiana | 0.90 |
| Maine | 1.02 |
| Maryland | 1.06 |
| Massachusetts | 1.19 |
| Michigan | 0.98 |
| Minnesota | 1.05 |
| Mississippi | 0.86 |
| Missouri | 0.94 |
| Montana | 0.97 |
| Nebraska | 0.91 |
| Nevada | 1.04 |
| New Hampshire | 1.05 |
| New Jersey | 1.16 |
| New Mexico | 0.92 |
| New York | 1.27 |
| North Carolina | 0.90 |
| North Dakota | 0.95 |
| Ohio | 0.96 |
| Oklahoma | 0.88 |
| Oregon | 1.08 |
| Pennsylvania | 1.03 |
| Rhode Island | 1.12 |
| South Carolina | 0.89 |
| South Dakota | 0.90 |
| Tennessee | 0.90 |
| Texas | 0.93 |
| Utah | 0.97 |
| Vermont | 1.04 |
| Virginia | 0.97 |
| Washington | 1.12 |
| West Virginia | 0.91 |
| Wisconsin | 1.00 |
| Wyoming | 0.93 |
| District of Columbia | 1.21 |
Limits of these estimates
- These are estimates for planning and budgeting. They are not a substitute for a contractor's quote, an engineer's design, or your local building code.
- Span tables, footing depths and code limits are cited from national model codes. Your jurisdiction amends them, and the amendment is what applies to your job.
- Prices move. The verification date on every figure is shown so you can judge how much weight to put on it, and the regional multiplier is a broad adjustment rather than a local quote.
- Anything structural — beam sizing, retaining walls over 4 ft, foundations on poor soil — needs an engineer. These calculators size quantities, not structures.
40 calculators use this data. Browse them.